Gas-engine.



No. 862,363. l i y PATENTED AUG. 6, 1907.

' F. R. WHITE.

GAS ENGINE. w APPLICATIO FILED AUG.30. 1905.

' L s umm ing description, in connection with the accompanying UNITED; srArEs PATENT `oEEreE.

FREDERreK P.. WHITE, or aLiann, MAssAoHUsET'rs.

GAS-ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent,

Patented Aug". 6, 1907;

Application iiled August 30,1905. Serial No. 276,376.

l press the charge of' mixed gases prior to explosion or I mechanisms and in the preferred form as herein shown ving va carbureterand spark-plug. I employ-an auxfrom a usual carbureter` and .valve mechanism, not

ignition, this diiiiculty arising mainly from inadequate compression, heretofore impossible on account of the certainty of pre-ignition, and also from the presence of more or less o the preceding dead gases which have vnot been entirely exhausted from the lcombustion chamber. Accordingly, my present invention aims to' remove the aforesaid difficulty and insure the desired ignitible mixture behind the piston at land for each driving stroke thereof.

'Viththe above object in view, l providenieans for completely exhaustingthe dead gases after each. explosion and supply an entirely fresh charge under the most effective compression. My invention is applicable to Various types of engines, being herein illustrated in connection with an explosion engine employiliary charging and compression piston operating dissimultanously with the main or-driving piston, the latter holding the'exhaust open during the greater partl of its upstroke, and l delay the up stroke of the auxiliary piston'and the admission of the fresh charge until'the main or driving piston has practically cornpleted its up stroke.

lMy invention may be accomplished by a'variety of in the drawing, Figure l is a central, vertical sectional view of one embodiment of my invention, taken on the line l-l, Fig. 2 3' and Fig. 2 is a central, vertical sectionalview thereof taken on the line 2, 2, Fig. 1.

Itl will be understood thatin the accompanying drawings l have illustrated merely one ofl many typestof engine to which my invention is adapted, a vertical cylinder 1 being shown as bolted to'a stand or frame 2 at. 3,'p'reerahly being provided with water coolers 4. This cylinder 1 has a gas-inlet leadingA shown, for supplying theproper explosive mixture to the cylinder, and an ,.igniter' 6 of any preferred con'- struction. The cylinder is extended at its upper end, as indicated at 7, to constitute a combustion chamber, and is provided with an upper; auxiliary or compres- `sion piston '8 above the usual lower driving piston -9, the latter being connected tothe crank shaft 10. by any usual or preferred means, as by a connecting rod 1l, and the auxiliary piston 8 being operated by any suitable means as by a path-cam l2 and opposite rods Y 13 cach having acam-roll 14 at its lower end and held 'to proper vertical reciprocation by a stud 15 traveling in a guide 16 on thev cylinder 1, and at itsupper end being strongly secured at 17. to arms v18 projecting from the auxiliary charging'and compression piston 8. v

The path-cam l2 is herein shown as provided on the inner face oi the heavy pulley 19 which also acte as the fly Wheel of the engine, being keyed to the crank shaft l0, and in order to give the .exceedingly quick move- -nient to the auxiliary piston which is desirable, as

already stated, said path cam is concentric from the point 20 around to the right Fig. 1 to the point 21 and is offset for the short distancebetween 21 and'ZO, as

indicated at 22, the incline of said offset portion being as steep as is permissible without interfering with the desiredhigh speed and effectiveness of the engine, thereby reducing to aminimum the period required for receiving and compressing the explosive charge behind the main piston.

' vBy'observing Fig. l1 it will be seen that the crank of the crank shaft is set atan angle just ahead o the point 20 or foot of the compressing incline oi the offset 22, so

vthat as the Cain rolls 14 'reach the apexoi the offset portion 22 of the camfraising the auxiliary piston to. its

extreme outward position, thereby having drawn in the full charge, the' crank is just reaching its upper deadcenterpsition and the main piston is accordingly near its extreme return position. During the short instant while the crank is passing the dead center and reaching its slightlyforward'position, as shown ,in Fig. 1,' the camrolls 14 are caused to descend the steep compress` v ing incline from 22 to 20, thereby swiftly moving downward the auxiliary pistonony itsv compression stroke,

and just as it reaches the pointV of full compression, 'as

shown in the, drawings, the explosion takes place. This may be either by spontaneous ignition, if desired, or.by means of the igniter 6v in usual manner, according to the type of engine.

When thepiston 9 has completed its driving strokeor downward movement and the crank passes the lower dead center, the exhaust of the exploded gases takes place. For this purpose, I provide au exhaust valvgZB of any Suitable kind, held closedby aspring 24 engaging its headed stern'25y which projects through the exhau'st passage 26 in position to be engaged by a A cam 27 on thenpper end of the connecting rod 11 set at an angle slightly to the right ofthe vertical, as clearly shown in Fig. l, so as to engagethe valve stern 25 -the moment that the downward stroke ofi the pistonis ccmpleted and the latter begins'-the return stroke.v

Viewing Fig. 2, it will be seen that the exhaust passage 26 terminates in elescopingi'tubes 28, 29, the former being shown as held vertically by alstzap 30 to inove with the piston 9, and the latter being held truLyl vertical by str-.ips or brackets 3l, 32 on the irnme and prof'ided with a check valve 33 closing the dischnrge end thereof, so that the moment the pistou begins its return movement, the exhaust. valve Z3- is automatic-.illy raised Ioy the com 27 en d the included gases nre forcibly driven out through the tubes 28, 29. The headed stem 25, spring 24 and cam 27 operate in a. recess provided bei-Ween opposite transverse webs or bride-@pieces 34, '35 in the underside oi the piston 9 against; whose lower sides journal strirpe 36, 37 ure secured lor retainingY the pin 38 oi the pinnen or connecting rod .l l which is held against longitudinal movement by screws fl ln all the nlilovo details of mechanism. it will'he uu-` derstood that, unless otherwise :specilied in the elnimn, l am not limited theretons many clinnges :ind suh- Stitutions niny he reeorted to within my invention.

In opemtion, the parts lowing rcnched the position shown in the drawings, rendy for the explosion, the explosion thereupon inl-:es place and the piston 9 is driven downwnrrh the :mnh continuing iorwltrd toward thel Big. l, and the compression piston 8 remaining in unchanged position7 the com rolls '14 traveling in the conc-nitric portion oi the path-cem l2. .ks the imiin piston ll ront-hes its lowermost position and fhcgns its upu'nrd .stroke7 thel shifting oi thi.l Crank to the. .iejht post th',l lon'cr dond point, cruises, the cern Q7 to open the cxhn'us't vntlvc 23 (for whatever other means moy he omploycd lor opening the oxhaust'), whereupon, the dond orliurn ed grises nre forcibly discharged through the passage 2G, 2S, 29. lhe oxhzmst valve remains open for nearly the entire cyclo until the piston 9 has heen lwuliemntinlly raised, there hy fully ezipelling tho exploded gne(- pieton 9 is reaching its` upl'mrmost position, the quick acting offset edm-path instnntly raises tlol compression piston 8 and as suddenly lowers it zig-nin, this movefsf,

ment taking place while the mein piston fl cally stationery' during the swinging nl the er right to lcilrpnst the dond center, the exhaust. volvo 4being automatically closed :it the beginning otthe compressing moven'ieril.. The result. is ill-.it the cli-.ngo 0f fresh explosive mixture is drown in nml coinpress-.ml

m) la) et the critical moment; when the dond gases hnvc heen exhausted and yet; so quickly that the lull, driving el'iect of the piston nud chnrgo is secured with mnxi-1 xnuni ellicien( I l l do not limit. myself to u polli rnm, hut the hitter has lnnfcftiiznl ndvnntn nlrhough limiting somoivhfit tuo speed or quiclmos; ol' movonn-nt. of the nuxilizn'y piston), und l. have tlu-.rciorc shown'the smite ns n preferable construction.

The cheelr. vnl vc ll operates to prevent ihe drawing ,in et any of the expelled d end during' the initi-.il flinoven'ient ol the auxiliary piston, While the vulve is closing. At the inst-.int the explosion ndice place, the mein piston 9 lino slightly started nu its .lmvnward movente-"13) hut; on nceount. of the rapid movement of the compression piston 8, the ex# .lesion takes pince :it 'the moment oi maximum oempression oi the charge. l `ill will he understood that. proper governing meeh- .fmism lorlthrottling the intake is provided the snme'asj usuelv in gas engines7 the vzirious'Constructional details and' neu-.il :auxiliaries ol ges engines being herein, omitind just us thc' .The diameter and stroke of both the driving piston and the auxiliary or compression piston are the stime,

and said nuxiliiny piston trikes in nud then oomsible to have u. pre-ignition for the reason than: tlieg-.ise-V ous mixture is not compressed to tho vignition po'int until thodriving piston luis nrrived ut driving position4 Also as the entire compressing movcmcnt'ol the compres on pistou trikes phil-c while the dri vingr piston is substantiallystntionnry nl'. the ("nd ol itsl roturn stroke, said nuxilinryipiston is en-.thlod to conn press ther mixture im' heyond ignition presflure.

llnvinf.:idescrihed my invention, wlnlt .i :lnim 'ns no and desire to :secure liylmtters intein.. is:

l, :ns engine lmviugrn c vliwhi-, driving; pistou, nud menus sonne-:itc l'rom snd piston -l`or supplylnz: :i cour oustihlo ns clin :'rlo mid cilinder helilml .sont .lriv lne piston. d menus inoludiin` :iux'lliniv menus tor coni' Dressing #nid cllnl'n'o behind #nid/piston before ille 'ui .ion lhcrcolX Suid nl llimv moons hein;` timed lo ell'nrtsnd compression lo u'utlon 1v1-ensure when the drivingr piston :irrlvos driving` position.

E. A 'wie engine hnvlrs; :1 cx" ini-:insl l'or Supplying; r. coinmmtihlo gros-cous clnu e lo Asud I'lndor hchnd mid pszon. including' n compre ion de; l m-pnrnte from Anid drivingpinion for comprosning sont rlmrgjo indcpomlonily ol' movement, on the pnrt ol mnd drivin;y pieton. nml mnclmnism independent ol' sold com prow-lou device lor oxlmumne' "he burned eli: l.

Il. uns engine. lmvin: l cylinder. piston. nud miniesl'or suppliinc; n comlnmihlo 4:msi-ons ehn :5o lo seid cylindor n-liml snid piston. combined with :1n nu.:in.;r \"com prowlon doviro l'oV .will und Quirk-alcun; operating: monos t'c-r :tf-(unto rid llovif'(` :aller ysnid 'pinion uns suln slnnllnlly completed its return movr'meut. Y 5 v l. ln n :me engine. .i cylinder. :i di on"piston'therein, menus opcrntld lo the nio.'vmont ol' ,sind piston Vl'or exmi| tiue Ilo` hurmfl e :and n combined .ciinrcenlrodmrr und clmrgot'on irl-snor, provided with quiclmmcrnt im;- moons l'or Full) netuntlny; the mimo dui-inf; one exlinusl.

movement ol4 soir! pif'do'n. r

uns encino. compris-imi n cylinder, n' drivinje; philou thi-rein. n combustion chnmn-r nohind :mid piston, n gli inlet l'or clarion-ing mild clnimln-rv nml nu :iuxllm compres- ;'on p'imon l'or compre. the "indue lnhiud drvnj.:

.. on. .vhll'o llol lnlter -.\ppro.\^inmtol v stnlionnry.

41'. mns engine. comprising; si tgvlndor, n di therein, n comlm tion houiller heliml szrid pil-tion, n. inlet l'or charging' :mid clmmhnr, n charging :mel compres:v sion piston ill-nid cimmhe' nod quickopyrnline; monos timed lo Livn sold compre on pislon in; compi :ing movement nt llo` moment lsold driving piston is rozuly n he driven lorwnrd.

i'. A pms engine. compr -in;.; therein, :i communion chmul lrchind snid piston. n ;:ls inlet for churn-lui: said chnrnlwr,y n churning; und compresY sion piston in sold clmrnher, und menus maintaining charging mid Suid compression piston in closing engngnment wllh sold gus inlet*y untill the driving' moron has solisten tlzilly completed ils return Stroke. l

S. A ne unghie comprsni.r n cylinder, a driving pist-.on therein, n comlmn ion ehnmher hehind Suid piston, n ens inlet: for chui-gings; .said chnmher, n. charging nnd compres sion pieton in sold clnimlwr, :ind (prick-operating mechann cylinder, :i driving: piston lll) ism. acting after the driving piston has substantially completed its return stroke, for reciprocating said charging and compression piston from and toward said driving pisvt0n, thereby drawing in and compressing the charge at the lend of the drivingpistons return stroke.

V 9. A gas engine, comprisingr a cylinder, a driving piston therein, a combustion chamber behind 'said pistou, a gas iniet for charging said chamber, a charging and compresY sion piston in said chamber normally closing said gas iniet, and quickopers1tin.gr mechanism, acting after the driving piston hs substantially completed its return stroke, for reciprocatiny,r said charging and compression piston from :ind inward said driving;r pistou, thereby drawing in and compressing the charge at the end nf the driving pis ton's return stroke.

10. A gas engine, comprising a cylinder, a. driving piston therein, a combustin chamber behind said piston, g1 gas iniet for charging said /chambeig a compression piston in said chamber, a normally closed exhaust pass'ige for the escape oi' thc burned gases, means for maintaining said pas- 2O sage open duringy the return "stroke of the driving piston. and means maintaining said compression piston in its for; ward position until they driving piston has substantially completed its return stroke,

In testimony WhereQ, I have signed my name to this 25 

